The Khilji Dynasty ruled over parts of South Asia and originated from the Turko-Afghan Khalaj. The Khilji Dynasty was founded by Jalal-ud-din Khilji who had overthrown Balban's successors. Initially Jalal did not get enough support from the nobles and people of
Delhi; he was to face tough tasks ahead. His rule settled down only due to his impeccable character, his generosity, devotion and his just judgment.
He was an aged man of seventy and was mild and weak. As a trend he being the Sultan faced many revolts and attacks within his empire. Unfortunately great rebellions were encouraged and given birth due to his lenient temperament and so the throne of Delhi was seen to diminish in authority over again. With such a character its natural that Jalal-ud-din did not pursue any conquest and the ones that were attempted by him, failed. Since he was a peaceful man he allowed many invaders to peacefully settle down in the country. But to much of our surprise he suffered a violent death. He was murdered by his nephew Ala-ud-din in 1296.
Since Ala-ud-din was the disputed king at the throne he had a lot to face and settle but he successfully came over the anger and rage of his relatives as well as the political matters of the rule. He successfully repelled a series of Mongol attacks and raids and then sought to re-establish the empire. He brought about changes in policies and reforms. He re-organized revenue administration, banned alcohol and private parties of courtiers, re-organized the market to set affordable prices and also entered the business of transportation for smooth movement of goods etc.
He is well known for his conquests in Gujarat and in around 1301 AD he also conquered Ranthambore by murdering Rajput Hamir Deva. He also murdered Rana Rattan Singh and captured Chittor. Territories like Malwa, Ujjain, Mandu, Dhar and Chanderi had been conquered by him by the end of 1305 except for
West Bengal. Almost the whole of North India had been incorporated by him in his empire by the end of 1311.
Ala-ud-din was killed by his lieutenant Malik Kafur who was admired and considered as close by him (just as Jalal-ud-din was killed by his dear nephew) in 1316. Kafur's attempts for usurpation lead to his death.
The last ruler of the Khilji Dynasty in the country was Qutb-ud-din Mubarak Shah. Out of all the three major rulers of the Khilji Dynasty he was the weakest. It was during his reign that all taxes and penalties were abolished. The Khilji dynasty saw many intriguing brutal battles. Qutb-ud-din released all prisoners of the gruesome wars.
The Khilji dynasty in India finally ended with his murder by Khusru Khan.
Last Updated on: February 17, 2022
