{"id":117600,"date":"2022-04-12T14:07:01","date_gmt":"2022-04-12T08:37:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/?p=117600"},"modified":"2022-04-12T14:07:01","modified_gmt":"2022-04-12T08:37:01","slug":"chapter-1-human-geography-nature-and-scope-questions-and-answers-ncert-solutions-for-class-12-geography-fundamentals-of-human-geography","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/education\/chapter-1-human-geography-nature-and-scope-questions-and-answers-ncert-solutions-for-class-12-geography-fundamentals-of-human-geography","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 1 – Human Geography (Nature and Scope) Questions and Answers: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Geography: (Fundamentals of Human Geography)"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:
\n(i)
\nWhich one of the following statements does not describe geography?
\n(a) an integrative discipline
\n(b) study of the inter-relationship between humans and environment
\n(c) subjected to dualism
\n(d) not relevant in the present time due to the development of technology<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(d) not relevant in the present time due to the development of technology<\/h3>\n

(ii)
\nWhich one of the following is not a source of geographical information?
\n(a) traveller\u2019s accounts
\n(b) old maps
\n(c) samples of rock materials from the moon
\n(d) ancient epics<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(c) samples of rock materials from the moon<\/h3>\n

(iii)
\nWhich one of the following is the most important factor in the interaction between people and environment?
\n(a) human intelligence
\n(b) people\u2019s perception
\n(c) technology
\n(d) human brotherhood<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(c) technology<\/h3>\n

(iv)
\nWhich one of the following is not an approach in human geography?
\n(a) Areal differentiation
\n(b) Spatial organisation
\n(c) Quantitative revolution
\n(d) Exploration and description<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(c) Quantitative revolution<\/h3>\n

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words:
\n(i)
\nDefine human geography.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nHuman geography is defined as \u201cthe relationship between the physical\/ natural and the human worlds, the spatial distribution of human phenomenon and how they come about, the social and economic difference between different parts of the world.\u201d According to Ratzel \u201c Human geography is the synthetic study of relationship between human societies and earth\u2019s surface\u201d.
\nAccording to Ellen C. Semple \u201cHuman geography is the study of the changing relationships between the unresting man and unstable earth\u201d
\nAccording to Paul Vidal de la Blache \u201cConception resulting from a more synthetic knowledge of the physical laws governing our earth and of the relations between the living beings which inhabit it.\u201d<\/h3>\n

(ii)
\nName some sub-fields of human geography.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nSome sub-fields of human geography are:
\nBehavioral geography, Geography of social well-being, Geography of leisure, Cultured geography, Gender geography, Historical geography, Medical geography, Electoral geography, Military geography, Geography of Resources, Geography of agriculture, Geography of industries, Geography of Marketing, Geography of Tourism and Geography of international trade.<\/h3>\n

(iii)
\nHow is human geography related to other social sciences?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nHuman geography attempts to explain the relationship between all elements of human life and the space they occur over. Thus, human geography assumes a highly interdisciplinary nature. It develops close interface with sister disciplines in social sciences in order to understand and explain human elements on the surface of the earth. With the expansion of knowledge, new sub-fields emerge and it has further expanded realm of human geography.
\nExample; Within social geography there are following sub fields with the interface with sister disciplines of social sciences:
\nBehavioural geography-Psychology
\nGeography of social well-being- Welfare Economics
\nGeography of Leisure-Sociology
\nCultural Geography-Anthropology
\nGender Geography-Sociology, Anthropology, Women\u2019s Studies Historical Geography-History Medical Geography-Epidemology<\/h3>\n

3. Answer the following questions in 150 words:
\n(i)
\nExplain naturalization of humans.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nHuman beings interact with their physical environment with help of technology. It is not important what human beings produce and create but it is extremely important with the help of what tools and techniques do they produce and create. Technology indicates the level of social and cultural development of society.
\nIn the early stages of their interaction with environment, human beings interacted with environment with help of primitive technology, hence nature played a dominant role over humans. Human beings were greatly influenced by nature and adapted to dictates of the nature. This type of interaction when, human society was at primitive stage of development and hence adapted itself as per the nature, is called naturalization of humans also known as environmental determinism. This is a stage of naturalized humans, who listen to nature, are afraid of nature\u2019s fury and worship it. All the actions of human beings are guided by the nature, especially by climate, wild animals and availability of water and edible plants. At this stage due to lack of technological advancement and understanding of nature, human beings are not able to loosen the shackles of nature and hence follow it and all their actions are guided by nature. This type of interaction can still be seen in tribal societies where tribal lives\u2019 revolve around nature and their daily routine is well knit with the natural processes.
\nExample; Tribals depend on the edible plants and their parts they get from nature, some of the hunter tribes hunt wild animals with help of primitive tools. They use medicines out of natural plants available. Their religious practices involve worshiping trees, forces of nature, wild groves etc.<\/h3>\n

(ii)
\nWrite a note on the scope of human geography.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nGeography as a field of study is integrative, empirical, and practical. Thus, the reach of geography is extensive and each and every phenomenon that varies over space and time can be studied geographically.
\nHuman geography is defined as \u201cthe relationship between the physical\/ natural and the human worlds, the spatial distribution of human phenomenon and how they come about, the social and economic difference between different parts of the world.\u201d The core concern of geography as a discipline is to understand the earth as home of human beings and to study all those elements that have sustained them. Human geography covers a very wide range of fields. It not only studies presence of human phenomenon but also relationship of human and physical world, the pattern and distribution of human processes including both social and economical.<\/h3>\n

It makes study of geography more relevant as it tries to relate the physical and man-made world with full causal understanding hence making it more applicable to our daily lives. It not only helps us to understand various problems, their causes and effects, but also helps us in finding a suitable solution for them. In the present scenario with increasing discord between human beings and nature resulting in environmental destruction, human geography becomes all the more relevant as it explains the relationship between human and nature and thus assumes highly important role in helping to bring back the environmental symphony and hence saving our planet.
\nVery Short Answer Type Questions<\/h3>\n

Question 1.
\nWhat is the core concern of studying geography?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe core concern of studying geography as a discipline is to understand the earth as a home of human beings and to study all those elements which have sustained them.<\/h3>\n

Question 2.
\nName the geographers who advocated \u2018Environmental Determinism.\u2019<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nGerman expert Ratzel and his student Ellen Churchill Simple advocated \u2018Environmental Determinism.\u2019<\/h3>\n

Question 3.
\nWho was the founder of Possibilism?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nFrench expert Lucian Febre and Paul Vidal de la Blache are considered as founders of Possibilism.<\/h3>\n

Question 4.
\nWho was Griffith Taylor?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nGriffith Taylor was the founder of Neodeterminism or stop and go determinism.<\/h3>\n

Question 5.
\nWhat does technology indicate?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nTechnology indicates the level of cultural development of society.<\/h3>\n

Question 6.
\nWhat are different fields of Human Geography?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nFields under Human Geography include: Social Geography, Urban Geography, Political Geography, Population Geography, Settlement Geography and Economic Geography.<\/h3>\n

Question 7.
\nWhat are the sub-fields of Economic Geography?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nSub-fields of Economic Geography are: Geography of Resources, Geography of Agriculture, Geography of Tourism, Geography of Industries, Geography of Marketing and Geography of International Trade.<\/h3>\n

Question 8.
\nWhat are the sub-fields of Social Geography?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nSub-fields of Social Geography are:
\nBehavioral Geography, Geography of Social Well-being, Geography of Leisure, Cultural Geography, Gender Geography, Historical Geography and Medical Geography.<\/h3>\n

Question 9.
\nDefine Geography in the words of Fredrick Ratzel.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nAccording to Fredrick Ratzel, \u201cHuman geography is the synthetic study of relationship between human societies and earth\u2019s surface\u201d.<\/h3>\n

Question 10.
\nDefine Geography in the words of Ellen Churchill Semple.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nAccording to Ellen C. Semple, \u201cHuman geography is the study of the changing relationship between the unresting man and the unstable earth\u201d.<\/h3>\n

Question 11.
\nHow did Paul Vidal de la Blache define Geography?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nAccording to Paul Vidal de la Blache, \u201cConception resulting from more synthetic knowledge of the physical laws governing our earth and of the relations between the living beings which inhabit it\u201d.<\/h3>\n

Question 12.
\nDefine the important concept of Neodeterminism according to Griffith Taylor.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe concept shows that neither is there a situation of absolute necessity (Environmental Determinism) nor is there a condition of absolute freedom (Possibilism). It means that human beings can conquer nature by obeying it. They have to respond to the red signals and can proceed in their pursuits of development when nature permits the modifications. It implies that possibilities can be created within such limits which does not damage the environment and there is no free run without accidents.<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Class 12 Geography: (Fundamentals of Human Geography) NCERT book solutions for Chapter 1 – Human Geography (Nature and Scope) Questions and Answers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21830,"featured_media":117599,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-117600","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-education"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117600","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21830"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=117600"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117600\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":117652,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117600\/revisions\/117652"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/117599"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=117600"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=117600"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=117600"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}