{"id":118153,"date":"2022-04-20T14:56:03","date_gmt":"2022-04-20T09:26:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/?p=118153"},"modified":"2022-04-20T14:56:03","modified_gmt":"2022-04-20T09:26:03","slug":"chapter-9-developing-psychological-skills-questions-and-answers-ncert-solutions-for-class-12-psychology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/education\/chapter-9-developing-psychological-skills-questions-and-answers-ncert-solutions-for-class-12-psychology","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 9 – Developing Psychological Skills Questions and Answers: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Psychology"},"content":{"rendered":"

1.What competencies are required for becoming an effective psychologist?<\/h2>\n

Ans. For becoming an effective psychologists, following competences are essential:
\n(\u0430)General Skills (b) Observational Skills (c) Specific Skills
\n(a)General Skills:
\n\u2022General skills are essential for all professional psychologists.
\n\u2022These skills include personal as well as intellectual skills.
\n\u2022Once ensuring that a student has these skills subsequent training in his\/her area of specializations to him\/her intellectual and personal skill are as follows:
\nInterpersonal Skills: Ability to listen and be empathic. It may be verbal or non-verbal.
\n\u2022Cognitive:
\n\u2014 Ability to solve problems \u2014 Having curiosity and flexibility
\n\u2022Affective Skills:
\n\u2014 Openness to ideas \u2014 Agreeableness \u2014 Honesty
\n\u2022Expressive skills: Ability to communicate in verbal and non-verbal form.
\n\u2022Reflective Skills:
\n\u2014 Intrapersonal intelligence \u2014Ability to examine own motives,attitude and behaviour.
\n\u2022Personal skills:
\n\u2014 Personal hygiene \u2014 Time management
\n(b)Observational Skills:
\nPsychologists should have training in objectives and systematic observation.
\n\u2022They should have skill to observe various aspects of surrounding including people and varying events.
\n\u2022Psychologists should engage in observing people and their actions with following precautions:
\n\u2014 Patience. \u2014 Optimistic curiosity.
\n\u2014 Respecting clients privacy.
\n\u2014 Awareness of people reactions, emotions and motivation.
\n\u2014 Training good questions which could be answered during observation.
\n(c)If the psychologist wants to work in a specialized field then professional training in specific skill development is essential.
\nThe main specific skills are as follows:
\n(a) communication skills (b) Psychological testing skill
\n(c) Interviewing skill (d) Counselling skill<\/h3>\n

2.What are the generic skills needed by all psychologists?<\/h2>\n

Ans. General\/Generic Skills:
\n\u2022These are essential for all professional psychologists.
\n\u2022These skills include personal as well as intellectual skills.
\nGeneric (intellectual and personal skills) are as follows:
\nInterpersonal Skills: Ability to listen and be empathic. It may be verbal or non-verbal.
\n\u2022Cognitive:
\n\u2014 Ability to solve problems \u2014 Having curiosity and flexibility
\n\u2022Affective Skills:
\n\u2014 Openness to ideas \u2014 Agreeableness \u2014 Honesty
\n\u2022Expressive Skills: Ability to communicate in verbal and non-verbal form.
\n\u2022Reflective Skills:
\n\u2014 Intrapersonal intelligence
\n\u2014 Ability to examine own motives, attitude and behaviour.
\n\u2022Personal skills:
\n\u2014 Personal hygiene \u2014 Time management<\/h3>\n

3.Define communication. Which component of the communication process is most important? Justify your answer with relevant examples.<\/h2>\n

Ans.Communication is a conscious or unconscious, intentional or unintentional process in which feelings and ideas are expressed as verbal and\/or non-verbal messages that are sent, received and comprehended.
\nComponent of the Communication:
\nThe mort important component of communication is speaking with the use of language.
\n\u2022Language involves use of vocabulary which includes words by symbols.
\n\u2022Communicator must know how to use words appropriately in organized and understandable form.
\n\u2022It is necessary to be clear and precise.
\n\u2022Communication takes place within a context and needs to consider the other\u2019s frame of reference.
\n\u2022It is important for the speaker to adjust his vocabulary level and choice of words to
\nfit the level of the listener.
\n\u2022Slang expressions, words unique to a culture, euphemism can become obstacles in good communication.
\n\u2022Listening may appear as a passive behaviour, as it involves silence. But this is far from true.
\n\u2022Listening requires a person to be attentive, patient, non-judgmental and have the capacity to analyze and respond.
\n\u2022It is an active process.
\n\u2022Hearing and listening are not the same, hearing is biological mechanism. It involves reception of a message through sensory channels.<\/h3>\n

4.Describe the set of competencies that must be kept in mind while administering a psychological test.<\/h2>\n

Ans.\u2022Developing the skills of psychological testing is important since tests are important tools used for the assessment of individuals for various purposes. Proper training is required for administration, scoring and interpretation of tests.
\n\u2022Psychologists study individuals, differences based on factors such as occupation, age, gender, education, culture, etc.
\n\u2022While using psychological test, following factors must be kept in mind:
\n1.An attitude of objectivity 2. Scientific orientation
\n3. Standardised Interpretation must be kept in mind. For example, in organizational and personnel work, in business and industry, where specialized tests are used to select individuals for specific jobs, it is essential to use actual performance records or ratings as a criterion for establishing validity of a test.
\n\u2022Suppose the personnel department wants to know whether a certain psychological test can help it to identify potentiality of best stenographers.
\n\u2022It must be established that the test differentiates among employees of several performance levels.
\n\u2022It should be found the performance on the job of a newly employed worker selected on the basis of test indeed matches with his\/her test scores.<\/h3>\n

5.What is the typical format of a counselling interview?<\/h2>\n

Ans. Interview refers to purposeful conversation through face-to-face interactions.
\n\u2022It follows a basic question-answer format.
\n\u2022First, the objectives of the interview are set.
\n\u2022The interviewer then prepares on interview format.
\n\u2022There is a basic format which is followed, regardless of the interview\u2019s purpose; i.e., an interview has three stages:
\n\u2014 Opening \u2014 The body \u2014 The closing<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Class 12 Psychology NCERT book solutions for Chapter 9 – Developing Psychological Skills Questions and Answers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21830,"featured_media":118123,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-118153","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-education"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21830"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118153"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118153\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":118155,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118153\/revisions\/118155"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/118123"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118153"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118153"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}