{"id":118589,"date":"2022-04-27T17:26:05","date_gmt":"2022-04-27T11:56:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/?p=118589"},"modified":"2022-04-27T17:26:05","modified_gmt":"2022-04-27T11:56:05","slug":"chapter-3-drainage-system-questions-and-answers-ncert-solutions-for-class-11-geography-geography-india-physical-environment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/education\/chapter-3-drainage-system-questions-and-answers-ncert-solutions-for-class-11-geography-geography-india-physical-environment","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 3 – Drainage System Questions and Answers: NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Geography (Geography: India Physical Environment)"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:
\nQuestion 1(i).
\nWhich one of the following rivers was known as the \u2018Sorrow of Bengal\u2019?
\n(a) The Gandak
\n(b) The Son
\n(c) The Kosi
\n(d) The Damodar<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(d) The Damodar<\/h3>\n

Question 1(ii).
\nWhich one of the following rivers has the largest river basin in India?
\n(a) The Indus
\n(b) The Brahmaputra
\n(c) The Ganga
\n(d) The Krishna<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(c) The Ganga<\/h3>\n

Question 1(iii).
\nWhich one of the following rivers is not included in \u2018Panchnad\u2019?
\n(a) The Ravi
\n(b) The Chenab
\n(c) The Indus
\n(d) The Jhelum<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(c) The Indus<\/h3>\n

Question 1(iv).
\nWhich one of the following rivers flows in a rift valley?
\n(a) The Son
\n(b) The Narmada
\n(c) The Yamuna
\n(d) The Luni<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(b) The Narmada<\/h3>\n

Question 1(v).
\nWhich one of the following is the place of confluence of the Alaknanda and the Bhagirathi?
\n(a) Vishnu Prayag
\n(b) Rudra Prayag
\n(c) Karan Prayag
\n(d) Deva Prayag<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(d) Deva Prayag<\/h3>\n

2. State the differences between the following.
\nQuestion 2(i).
\nRiver Basin and Watershed<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nRiver Basin
\nBasis
\nWatershed
\nThe catchments of large rivers are called river basins.
\nMeaning
\nCatchment of small rivulets and rills are often referred to as watersheds.
\nRivers basins are larger in area.
\nArea
\nWatersheds are smaller in area.<\/h3>\n

Question 2(ii).
\nDendritic and Trellis drainage pattern<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nDendritic drainage pattern
\nBasis
\nTrellis drainage pattern
\nDendritic drainage system is a drainage pattern resembling the branches of a tree is known as \u201cdendritic\u201d.<\/h3>\n

The drainage pattern of Northern plain is the example of such pattern.
\nMeaning
\nWhen the primary tributaries of rivers flow parallel to each other and secondary tributaries join them at right angles, the pattern is known as \u2018trellis\u2019.
\nThis pattern is found in Himalayan mountains and the Eastern ranges (Purvanchal).<\/h3>\n

Question 2(iii).
\nRadial and Centripetal drainage pattern<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nRadial drainage pattern
\nBasis
\nCentripetal drainage pattern
\nWhen the rivers originate from a hill and flow in all directions, the drainage pattern is known as \u2018radial\u2019.
\nThe rivers originating from the Amarkantak range present a good example of it.
\nMeaning
\nWhen the rivers discharge their waters from all directions in a lake or depression, the pattern is known as \u2018centripetal\u2019.
\nSambhar lake of Rajasthan is the good example of it.<\/h3>\n

Question 2(iv).
\nDelta and Estuary<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nDelta
\nBasis
\nEstuary
\nDelta is a triangular land mass formed by depositional alluvium at the mouth of river.
\nShape
\nEstuary is the sunken mouth of the river where the rivers meets the sea forming the tunnel shaped zone where saline and fresh water mix.
\nThey are formed on the tideless sea coast near the mouth of river where sediment brought by the rivers is deposited.
\nFormation
\nThey are result of strong currents and hightides at the mouth of river where no deposition takes place.
\nThey are rich agriculture ground.
\nSuitability
\nThey are rich fishing ground and are suitable for inland transportation.
\nRivers like Krishna, Kaveri, Mahanadi, Godavari form deltas.
\nRivers
\nNarmada and Tapi forms estuaries.<\/h3>\n

3. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
\nQuestion 3(i).
\nWhat are the socio-economic advantages of inter-linking of rivers in India?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nIndian rivers are of two types: perennial rivers in which there is water through out the year and peninsular rivers in which water is there in rainy seasons only. Rivers of India bear a large amount of water every year. But its distribution is not equal from the point of view of time and place. Most of the water gets wasted in floods during rainy seasons. It also causes loss of life and property. It ruins agriculture as well. At other places, there is situation of drought.
\nTherefore, if rivers are connected to each other through canals, then the problems of floods and drought will get solved. It will also solve the problem of drinking water and millions of rupees will be saved. It will also lead to increase in productivity. It will improve economic condition of farmers.<\/h3>\n

Question 3(ii).
\nWrite three characteristics of the Peninsular rivers.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThese rivers originate in peninsular plateau and central highland. These are seasonal as it is dependent on monsoon rainfall. They reflect super imposed type of drainage pattern and rejuvenated resulting in trellis, radial and rectangular patterns. These rivers are smaller having fixed course with well-adjusted valleys. Their catchment area is relatively smaller basin. These rivers are old rivers with graded profile, and have almost reached their base levels.<\/h3>\n

4. Answer the following questions in not more than 125 words.
\nQuestion 4(i).
\nWhat are the important characteristic features of north Indian rivers? How are these different from Peninsular rivers?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nImportant characteristics of north Indian rivers are as follows:
\nOrigin: They originate in Himalayan mountain covered with glaciers.
\nNature of flow: These are perennial because they receive water from glacier and rainfall.
\nDrainage pattern: These\u2019 are antecedent and consequently lead to dendritic pattern in plains.
\nNature of river: It has long course, flowing through the rugged mountains experiencing headward erosion and river capturing; In plains it exhibits meandering and shifting of course.
\nCatchment area: Its catchment areas include very large basins.
\nAge of river: These rivers are young and youthful. These are active and deepening in the valleys.
\nThese are different from peninsular rivers because these have following features:
\nPlace of origin: Peninsular plateau and central highland.
\nNature of flow: Seasonal as it is dependent on monsoon rainfall.
\nType of drainage: Super imposed, rejuvenated resulting in trellis, radial and rectangular patterns.
\nNature of river: Smaller, fixed course with well-adjusted valleys.
\nCatchment area: Relatively smaller basin.
\nAge of the river: Old rivers with graded profile, and have almost reached their base levels.<\/h3>\n

Question 4(ii).
\nSuppose you are travelling from Haridwar to Siliguri along the foothills of the Himalayas. Name the important rivers you will come across. Describe the characteristics of any one of them.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nWhile travelling from Haridwar to Siliguri along the foothills of the
\nHimalayas, we shall come across Tons, Gomti, Saryu, Ramganga, Sharda, Gandak, Old Gandak, Kamla, Bagmati, Kosi and Ganga.
\nThe Ganga is the most important river of India both from the point of view of its basin and cultural significance. It rises in the Gangotri glacier near Gaumukh which is 3,900 m high from sea level in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand. It is known as the Bhagirathi in this region. At Devaprayag, the Bhagirathi meets the Alaknanda; hereafter, it is known as the Ganga. The Ganga enters the plains at Haridwar. From here, it flows first to the south, then to the south\u00aceast and east before splitting into two distributaries, namely the Bhagirathi and the Hugli.
\nThe river has a length of 2,525 km. It is shared by Uttarakhand (110 km) and Uttar Pradesh (1,450 km), Bihar (445 km) and West Bengal (520 km). The Ganga basin covers about 8.6 lakh sq. km area in India alone. The Ganga river system is the largest in India having a number of perennial and non-perennial rivers originating in the Himalayas in the north and the Peninsula in the south, respectively.
\nYamuna joins the Ganga at Prayag (Allahabad). It is joined by the Chambal, the Sind, the Betwa and the Ken on its right bank which originates from the Peninsular plateau while the Hindan, the Rind, the Sengar, the Varuna, etc. join it on its left bank. Much of its water feeds the western and eastern Yamuna and the Agra canals for irrigation purposes.
\nMultiple Choice Questions<\/h3>\n

Question 1.
\nThe pattern of flow of water in a river channel over a year is known as what?
\n(a) Regime
\n(b) Cumecs
\n(c) Cusecs
\n(d) None of these<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(a) Regime<\/h3>\n

Question 2.
\nCumecs is measured:
\n(a) Cubic foot per second
\n(b) Cubic metres per second
\n(c) In square metres
\n(d) None of these<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(b) Cubic metres per second<\/h3>\n

Question 3.
\nWhen the shape of drainage system resembles branches of a tree, it is called:
\n(a) Dendritic drainage system
\n(b) Radial drainage system
\n(c) Trellis
\n(d) Centripetal Drainage System<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(a) Dendritic drainage system<\/h3>\n

Question 4.
\nThe path on which the river flows along is called:
\n(a) River course
\n(b) River flow
\n(c) River channel
\n(d) Watershed<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(a) River course<\/h3>\n

Question 5.
\nWhich of the following river falls into Arabian Sea?
\n(a) Mahanadi
\n(b) Krishna
\n(c) Narmada
\n(d) Kaveri<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(c) Narmada<\/h3>\n

Question 6.
\nWhich of the following is the largest river of peninsular India?
\n(a) Mahanadi
\n(b) Krishna
\n(c) Godavari
\n(d) Sabarmati<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(c) Godavari<\/h3>\n

Question 7.
\nWhich of the following rivers forms a delta?
\n(a) Narmada
\n(b) Tapti
\n(c) Sabarmati
\n(d) Krishna<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(d) Krishna<\/h3>\n

Question 8.
\nWhich of the following river is called Dakshin Ganga?
\n(a) Mahanadi
\n(b) Krishna
\n(c) Godavari
\n(d) Sabarmati<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(c) Godavari<\/h3>\n

Question 9.
\nName the westernmost and longest tributary of river Ganga?
\n(a) Kosi
\n(b) Ramganga
\n(c) Gandak
\n(d) Yamuna<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(d) Yamuna<\/h3>\n

Question 10.
\nBy which name is river Brahmaputra known in Tibet?
\n(a) Dihang
\n(b) Dibang
\n(c) Shansi
\n(d) Sangpo<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(d) Sangpo<\/h3>\n

Question 11.
\nWhich river has formed Sunderban delta?
\n(a) Ganga
\n(b) Krishna
\n(c) Godavari
\n(d) Sabarmati<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(a) Ganga<\/h3>\n

Question 12.
\nFrom where does river Chenab originate?
\n(a) Baralacha Pass
\n(b) Rohtang Pass
\n(c) Rakstal
\n(d) Verinag<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n(a) Baralacha Pass<\/h3>\n

Very Short Answer Type Questions<\/h3>\n

Question 1.
\nOn the basis of origin, form and features in how many groups can we classify rivers of India?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nOn the basis of origin, form and features, we can classify the rivers of India into four parts:
\n1. Himalayan Rivers;
\n2. Peninsular rivers;
\n3. Coastal Rivers and
\n4. Internal basin rivers.<\/h3>\n

Question 2.
\nBy which names is river Brahmaputra known?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nIn Tibet, it is called Tsangpo. It emerges as a turbulent and dynamic river after carving out a deep gorge in the Central Himalayas near Namcha Barwa (7,755 m). The river emerges from the foothills under the name of Siang or Dihang. In India, it is called Brahmaputra. In Bangladesh, it is known as the Yamuna. It finally merges with the river Padma, which falls in the Bay of Bengal.<\/h3>\n

Question 3.
\nName important tributaries of Brahmaputra river system.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nImportant tributaries of Brahmaputra river system are the Burhi Dining, Dhansari (South), Subansiri, Kameng, Manas and Sankosh.<\/h3>\n

Question 4.
\nDefine drainage system.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe flow of water through well-defined channels is known as \u2018drainage\u2019 and the network of such channels is called a \u2018drainage system\u2019. The drainage pattern of an area is the outcome of the geological time period, nature and structure of rocks, topography, slope, amount of water flowing and the periodicity of the flow.<\/h3>\n

Question 5.
\nWhat are different forms of drainage system?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe different drainage patterns are \u201cdendritic\u201d; \u2018radial\u2019; \u2018trellis\u2019 and \u2018centripetal\u2019.<\/h3>\n

Question 6.
\nIn how many parts is Indo-Brahma drainage system dismembered?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nIt is opined that in due course of time Indo-Brahma river was dismembered into three main drainage systems:
\nThe Indus and its five tributaries in the western part;
\nThe Ganga and its Himalayan tributaries in the central part;
\nThe stretch of the Brahmaputra in Assam and its Himalayan tributaries in the eastern part.<\/h3>\n

Question 7.
\nName the longest river of Kerala. From where does it originate?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe longest river of Kerala is Bharatpuzha. It originates from Annamalai hills. It is also known as Pongnani. It covers approximately 5397 km of area.<\/h3>\n

Question 8.
\nWhat type of drainage system is there in Thar Desert?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nDrainage system in Thar Desert is of centripetal type.<\/h3>\n

Question 9.
\nName the rivers which fall in Bay of Bengal.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nImportant rivers falling in Bay of Bengal include Ganga, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri.<\/h3>\n

Question 10.
\nName the rivers which fall into Arabian Sea.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nIndus and its tributaries, Narmada, Tapti, Sabarmati rivers fall into Arabian Sea.<\/h3>\n

Question 11.
\nWhat is watershed?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe boundary line separating one drainage basin from the other is known as watershed.<\/h3>\n

Question 12.
\nName the factors on which the drainage pattern depends?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe drainage pattern of an area is the outcome of the geological time period, nature and structure of rocks, topography, slope, amount of water flowing and the periodicity of the flow.<\/h3>\n

Short Answer Type Questions<\/h3>\n

Question 1.
\nExplain about flood prone areas of India.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe states falling within the periphery of \u201cIndia Flood Prone Areas\u201d are West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Punjab. The intense monsoon rains from south-west causes rivers like Brahmaputra, Ganga, Yamuna etc. to swell their banks, which in turn floods the adjacent areas.
\nOver the past few decades, Central India has become familiar with precipitation events like torrential rains and flash floods. The major flood prone areas in India are the river banks and deltas of Ravi, Yamuna-Sahibi, Gandak, Sutlej, Ganga, Ghaggar, Kosi, Teesta, Brahmaputra, Mahanadi, Mahananda, Damodar, Godavari, Mayurakshi, Sabarmati and their tributaries. During the rainy season, much of the water is wasted in floods and flows down to the sea. Similarly, when there is a flood in one part of the country, the other area suffers from drought. The Godavari is subjected to heavy floods in its lower reaches to the south of Polavaram, where it forms a picturesque gorge.<\/h3>\n

Question 2. Explain important features of Kaveri Basin.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nImportant features of Kaveri Basin are as follows:
\nThe Kaveri rises in Brahmagiri hills (1,341m) of Kogadu district in Karnataka.
\nIts length is 800 km and it drains an area of 81,155 sq. km.
\nSince the upper catchment area receives rainfall during the southwest monsoon season (summer) and the lower part during the northeast monsoon season (winter), the river carries water throughout the year with comparatively less fluctuation than the other Peninsular rivers.
\nAbout 3 per cent of the Kaveri basin falls in Kerala, 41 per cent in Karnataka and 56 per cent in Tamil Nadu.
\nIts important tributaries are the Kabini, the Bhavani and the Amravati. The Narmada originates on the western flank of the Amarkantak plateau at a height of about 1,057 m.<\/h3>\n

Question 3.
\nDifferentiate between the features of Ganga river and Jhelum river.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe Ganga is the most important river of India both from the point of view of its basin and cultural significance. It rises in the Gangotri glacier near Gaumukh (3,900 m) in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand. Here, it is known as the Bhagirathi. It cuts through the Central and the Lesser Himalayas in narrow gorges. The important left bank tributaries are the Ramganga, the Gomati, the Ghaghara, the Gandak, the Kosi and the Mahananda. The river finally discharges itself into the Bay of Bengal near the Sagar Island. The Jhelum, an important tributary of the Indus, rises from a spring at Verinag situated at the foot of the Pir Panjal in the south-eastern part of the valley of Kashmir. It flows through Srinagar and the Wular lake before entering Pakistan through a deep narrow gorge. It joins the Chenab near Jhang in Pakistan.<\/h3>\n

Question 4.
\nThe two Peninsular rivers display interesting differences in their regimes compared to the Himalayan rivers. Explain.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe two Peninsular rivers display interesting differences in their regimes compared to the Himalayan rivers. The Narmada has a very low volume of discharge from January to July but it suddenly rises in August when the maximum flow is attained. The fall in October is as spectacular as the rise in August. The flow of water in the Narmada, as recorded at Garudeshwar, shows that the maximum flow is of the order of2,300 cusecs, while the minimum flow is only 15 cusecs. The Godavari has the minimum discharge in May, and the maximum in July-August. After August, there is a sharp fall in water flow although the volume of flow in October and November is higher than that in any of the months from January to May. The mean maximum discharge of the Godavari at Polavaram is 3,200 cusecs while the mean minimum flow is only 50 cusecs.<\/h3>\n

Question 5.
\nFlow of Ganga is not same throughout the year. Explain.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe Ganga has its minimum flow during the January-June period. The maximum flow is attained either in August or in September. After September, there is a steady fall in the flow. The river, thus, has a monsoon regime during the rainy season. There are striking differences in the river regimes in the eastern and the western parts of the Ganga Basin. The Ganga maintains a sizeable flow in the early part of summer due to snow melt before the monsoon rains begin. The mean maximum discharge of the Ganga at Farakka is about 55,000 cusecs while the mean minimum is only 1,300 cusecs.<\/h3>\n

Long Answer Type Questions<\/h3>\n

Question 1.
\nHow are rivers of India useful for India?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nRivers are useful for us because:
\nWater: Rivers carry water and nutrients to areas all around the earth. They play a very important part in the water cycle, acting as drainage channels for surface water. Rivers drain nearly 75% of the earth\u2019s land surface.
\nHabitats: Rivers provide excellent habitat and food for many of the earth\u2019s organisms. Many rare plants and trees grow by rivers. Ducks, voles, otters and beavers make their homes on the river banks. Reeds and other plants like bulrushes grow along the river banks. Other animals use the river for food and drink. Birds such as kingfishers eat small fish from the river.
\nDelta: River deltas have many different species of wildlife. Insects, mammals and birds use the delta for their homes and for food.
\nTransport: Rivers provide travel routes for exploration, commerce and recreation.<\/h3>\n

Question 2.
\nExplain about Indus River System.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe Indus System
\nIt is one of the largest river basins of the world, covering an area of 11,65,000 sq. km (in India it is 321, 289 sq. km) and a total length of 2,880 km (in India 1,114 km). The Indus also known as the Sindhu, is the westernmost of the Himalayan rivers in India.
\nIt originates from a glacier near Bokhar Chu (31\u00b015\u2032 N latitude and 81\u00b040\u2032 E longitude) in the Tibetan region at an altitude of 4,164 m in the Kailash mountain range.
\nThe Indus receives a number of Himalayan tributaries such as the Shyok, the Gilgit, the Zaskar, the Hunza, the Nubra, the Shigar, the Gasting and the Dras. It finally emerges out of the hills near Attock where it receives the Kabul river on its right bank. The other important tributaries joining the right bank of the Indus are the Khurram, the Tochi, the Gomal, the Viboa and the Sangar.
\nThey all originate in the Sulaiman ranges. The river flows southward and receives \u2018Panjnad\u2019 a little above Mithankot. The Panjnad is the name given to the five rivers of Punjab, namely the Satluj, the Beas, the Ravi, the Chenab and the Jhelum.
\nIt finally discharges into the Arabian Sea, east of Karachi.
\nThe Indus flows in India only through the Leh district in Jammu and Kashmir.<\/h3>\n

Question 3.
\nExplain about Ganga River System.<\/h2>\n

Answer: The Ganga System:
\n1. The Ganga is the most important river of India both from the point of view of its basin and cultural significance. It rises in the Gangotri glacier near Gaumukh (3,900 m) in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand. Here, it is known as the Bhagirathi. It cuts through the Central
\nand the Lesser Himalayas in narrow gorges.
\n2. At Devaprayag, the Bhagirathi meets the Alaknanda; hereafter, it is known as the Ganga. The Alaknanda has its source in the Satopanth glacier above Badrinath. The Alaknanda consists of the Dhauli and the Vishnu Ganga which meet at Joshimath or Vishnu Prayag.
\n3. The river has a length of 2,525 km. It is shared by Uttarakhand (110 km) and Uttar Pradesh (1,450 km), Bihar (445 km) and West Bengal (520 km). The Ganga basin covers about 8.6 lakh sq. km area in India alone.
\n4. The Ganga river system is the largest in India having a number of perennial and non-perennial rivers originating in the Himalayas in the north and the Peninsula in the south, respectively. The Son is its major right bank tributary.
\n5. The important left bank tributaries are the Ramganga, the Gomati, the Ghaghara, the Gandak, the Kosi and the Mahananda. The Yamuna, the westernmost and the longest tributary of the Ganga, has its source in the Yamunotri glacier on the western slopes of Banderpunch range (6,316 km).
\n6. The river finally discharges itself into the Bay of Bengal near the Sagar Island.<\/h3>\n

Question 4.
\nWhat factors determine volume of water in a river?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nFactors affecting the volume of water in a river:
\n1. An important factor affecting the volume of water in a river is the size of the drainage basin. A drainage basin in an area drained by one main river and its tributaries. If the drainage basin is large, the volume of water in the river will be more. When the drainage basin is large the surface run off flourished the river is more runoff in the amount of rainwater that flows on the ground and ultimately into the river or lake. On the other hand, if the drainage basin is small volume of water in the river will be less because there is less surface area for the rain to fall on.
\n2.Vegetation is also an important factor. Leaves of tress intercept rainwater and allow more water to sweep into the ground in groundwater. As a result, the amount of surface runoff reduces. Therefore, the volume of water in the river is less where vegetation is dense. Spare vegetation prevents rainwater from getting trapped in the leaves and
\nbranches, thereby allowing more water to flow through as surface runoff. So, in areas with less vegetation volume of water is more.
\n3. Permeability of rocks: In area with permeable or porous rocks, much of the rainwater sweeps through the pores in the rocks into the ground. In such areas, surface run off is less and water flowing into the river channel will also be less.
\n4. Climate: In areas with hot and wet climate such as equatorial area, volume of water rivers will be high. However, the amount of water will be less in areas with dry climate receiving less rainfall. In areas with prominent wet or dry seasons, volume of water in the river will vary according to the amount of rainfall received.<\/h3>\n

Question 5.
\nExplain the different drainage patterns formed by rivers. Draw diagram of each drainage pattern with two examples of each.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe drainage pattern formed by rivers are:
\n(a) Dendritic:
\nThe drainage resembling, the branches of a tree is known as \u2018dendritic\u2019 the examples of which are the rivers of northern plains like Ganga, Yamuna, etc.<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(b) Radial: When the rivers originate from a hill and flow in all directions, the drainage pattern is known as \u2018radial\u2019 or the dome-shaped pattern. The river originating from the Amarkanta range and central highlands present a good example of it.<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(c) Trellis: When the primary tributaries of rivers flow parallel to each and secondary tributaries join them at right angles, the pattern is known as \u2018trellis\u2019 e.g. Peninsular river such as Godavari, Krishna etc.<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(d)Centripetal: When the rivers discharge their waters from all directions in a lake or in depressions, it is known as \u2018centrifugal\u2019. These rivers form cascades\/rapids and waterfalls.<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Question 6.
\nDifferentiate between:
\n(a) Himalayas rivers and the Peninsular rivers.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nDifference between Himalayas Rivers and the Peninsular rivers.
\nAspects
\nHimalayan rivers
\nPeninsular rivers
\nPlace of origin
\nHimalayan mountains covered with glaciers
\nPeninsular plateau and central highland
\nNature of flow
\nPerennial; receive water from glacier and rainfall
\nSeasonal, dependent on monsoon rainfall
\nType of drainage
\nAntecedent and consequent leading to dendritic pattern in plains.
\nSuper imposed : rejuvenated resulting in trellis and rectangular pattern
\nNature of river
\nLong course, flowing through the mountains. Experiencing headwater erosion and river capturing in plains meandering and shifting of course.
\nSmaller, fixed course with well adjusted valleys.
\nCatchment area
\nVery large basins
\nRelatively smaller basin
\nArea of river
\nYoung and youthful, active and deepening of the valleys.
\nOld rivers with graded profile, and have almost reached their base levels
\nExamples
\nIndus, Ganges and Brahmaputra and their tributaries.
\nPeninsular Plateau Chambal, Betwa, Central Highlands, Godavari, Krishna, etc.<\/h3>\n

(b) Consequent rivers and Antecedent rivers<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nDifference between Consequent rivers and Antecedent rivers
\nBasis
\nConsequent rivers
\nAntecedent rivers
\nShape
\nThese rivers maintain their original shapes, deposits, the rise of land due to folding. The rivers keep on following in the same direction.
\nIt is an uplift area the rivers flow in the direction resulting as consequent of the slope
\nAge
\nThese rivers are older than the old mountain.
\nThese rivers are formed after the uplift of an area.<\/h3>\n

Gorges
\nThese rivers cut deep gorges due to down cutting.
\nThese rivers do not form gorges.
\nExamples
\nTrans- Himalayan rivers such as Indus, Satluj, represent consequent rivers.
\nThe eastward flowing river of peninsular plateau which flow according to the slope are antecedent rivers.<\/h3>\n

Question 7.
\nDifferentiate between canyon, gorge and river valley.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nA canyon is a deep valley with steep sides, think of the grand canyon most famously to visualise what this is. A gorge is a deep ravine, which usually has a river running through it\u2014though this doesn\u2019t have to be the case. Finally a valley is any depression, usually of a certain length, in the surface of the land and often contains a river. So, a canyon is a specific type of valley, with particularly steep sides. A gorge is a particularly deep depression, and will usually contain a river.<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Class 11 Drainage System NCERT book solutions for Chapter 3 – Drainage System Geography (Geography: India Physical Environment) Questions and Answers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21830,"featured_media":118566,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-118589","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-education"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118589","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21830"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118589"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118589\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":118606,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118589\/revisions\/118606"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/118566"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}