{"id":118890,"date":"2022-04-29T12:44:37","date_gmt":"2022-04-29T07:14:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/?p=118890"},"modified":"2022-04-29T12:44:37","modified_gmt":"2022-04-29T07:14:37","slug":"chapter-6-citizenship-questions-and-answers-ncert-solutions-for-class-11-political-sciencepolitical-theory","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/education\/chapter-6-citizenship-questions-and-answers-ncert-solutions-for-class-11-political-sciencepolitical-theory","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 6 – Citizenship Questions and Answers: NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science(Political Theory)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Question 1.
\nCitizenship as full and equal membership of a political community involves both rights and obligations. Which rights could citizens expect to enjoy in most democratic state today? What kind of obligation will they have to their state and fellow citizens?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nCitizenship refers to a full and equal membership of a political community, i.e. a political identity to an individual by its state. A citizen in a democratic state can enjoy the following rights:
\nA support and protection from state to travel anywhere in the state.
\nSome political rights to vote, to contest elections, to hold public offices, etc.
\nCivil rights like freedom of speech and expression.
\nSocial-economic rights, i.e. equal opportunities, right to education, right to minimum wage, etc.
\nAlong with the exercise of certain rights the citizens are supposed to fulfill some obligations
\nalso towards state and its fellow citizens as:
\nCitizenship involves some obligations towards state and its fellow citizens.
\nThese obligations are the outcomes of considerations to be inheritors and trustees of culture and natural resources of the country.
\nThese obligations do not include only the legal obligations provided by the state but these expect some moral obligations to participate, contribute and to share the life of community, etc.<\/h3>\n

Question 2.
\nAll citizens may be granted equal rights but all may not be able to equally exercise them. Explain.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe full and equal membership refers to all citizens either rich or poor should be granted certain basic rights along with a minimum standard of living by the state. But all of them may not be able to exercise them equally due to poverty, like illiteracy or social -economic conditions, etc.
\nAs the problem of a large population of slum-dwellers and squatters in urban areas, though they may do some necessary and useful work at low wage\u2019s they may be balanced for straining the resources of the area or to expand crime and diseases.
\nThe authorities in cities hardly spend any amount on slum dwellers for their betterment. Though some NGOs are taking initiatives for them, i.e. a national policy was also framed in January 2004 on urban street vendors.
\nThe slum dwellers are also becoming aware of their rights but still, they are not able to exercise even their basic political rights, i.e. right to vote because it requires a permanent address which is not possible for them to provide.
\nThe other groups are the tribal people and forest-dwellers because these people are dependent on access to their natural resources and they face a threat to their livelihood.
\nGovernments are struggling with the problem how to protest the problems of tribal people and their habitat without hampering the development of country.
\nTo ensure equal rights and unities for all citizens cannot be a simple matter for any government. If the purpose is not just to make policies to apply, in the same way but to make people more equal, the different needs and claims of people would have to be taken into account when framing policies.<\/h3>\n

Question 3.
\nWrite a short note on any two struggles for full enjoyment of citizen rights which have taken place in India in recent years. Which rights were being claimed in each case?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe Constitution of India has made an attempt to provide equal membership to the groups which are different, i.e. Dalits, ST\u2019s, and women, etc.
\nEven the efforts have been made to cover some remote communities in Andaman and Nicobar Islands who had little contact with modern civilization.
\nThe various movements have taken place for the groups mentioned above, i.e. women, SC\u2019s, ST\u2019s, people displaced due to developmental projects of the government and 33% seats have been reserved for all of them.
\nIn a democratic state, the demands of marginalized people have been negotiated, i.e. 27% reservation has been provided for OBC\u2019s in all educational institutions.
\nThe women have also demanded the reservation of 33% seats in state legislative assemblies and Lok Sabha.<\/h3>\n

Question 4.
\nWhat are some of the problems faced by refugees? In what ways could the concept of global citizenship benefit them?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nRefugees face the following problems:
\nInspite of restrictions, and creating fences, considerable migrations of peoples takes place.
\nRefugees may be forced to live in camps or illegal migrants.
\nPeople may be displaced by wars or Tsunamis, famine or earthquakes, etc. and no state is willing to accept them and they cannot return to their home state also.
\nRefugees cannot work legally or educate their children or acquire property.
\nTo sort out the problems of refugees, the United Nations has appointed a High Commissioner for refugees to support them.
\nThe concept of universal citizenship has benefited to the refugees:
\nIt might make it easier to deal with the problems to be extended across national borders.
\nIt may need cooperative action by the people and government of various states.
\nIt can find an acceptable solution on the issues of migrants.
\nIt can ensure some basic rights and protection regardless of the country in which they are living.<\/h3>\n

Question 5.
\nMigration of people to different regions within the country is often resisted by the local inhabitants. What are some of the contributions that the migrants could make to the local economy?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nMigration takes place from time to time cities, regions or nations.
\nIf jobs and medical facilities and facilities provided by the state are limited along with natural resources it may restrict the entry of outsiders even in the case of fellow citizens.
\nMany similar struggles also have taken place in different parts of the world, i.e. Mumbai for Mumbaikars, etc.
\nThese migrants are supportive to the local economy in the following manner:
\nSlum-dwellers contribute to economy through their labour as hawkers, petty traders, plumbers, workers, mechanics, petty traders, etc.
\nMigrants perform and do necessary and useful works often at low wages.
\nSmall business, i.e. tailoring, textile printing, etc. can also be developed in slum areas.<\/h3>\n

Question 6.
\n\u201cDemocratic citizenship is a project rather than an accomplished fact even in countries like India which grant equal citizenship\u201d. Discuss some of the issues regarding citizenship being raised in India today.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nPeople displaced by war (in 1971 and afterwards from Bangladesh) or famine or internal or external disturbances (from Afghanistan, Pakistan, Burma, Myanmar, etc.). These people were forced to become refugees in their own or neighboring countries.
\nIndia prides itself on providing refuge to the prosecuted people, i.e. Dalai Lama and his followers in 1958 entry of people from neighboring countries has taken place along all the borders of states of India and process continues.
\nThese may be people from Asia and Africa who provide paid agents to smuggle them into India for terrorist work or for smuggling drugs.
\nMany refugees remain stateless for many generations living as an illegal migrants. And only a relatively few are granted citizenship.
\nSuch problems are a challenge in front of democratic citizenship where the rights and identities should be available to all equally.<\/h3>\n

Very Short Answer Type Questions<\/h3>\n

Question 1.
\nWhat do you mean by a citizen?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nA citizen is a person who is a member of a state to enjoy civil and political rights and participate in the governing of a country.<\/h3>\n

Question 2.
\nMention any two laws dealing with citizenship in India.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nConstitution of India
\nCitizenship Act of 1955
\nThe first tells us who can be called a citizen of India and later one deals with acquisition and lost of citizenship.<\/h3>\n

Question 3.
\nWhat is a democracy?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nA democracy is a government of the people, for the people and by the people.<\/h3>\n

Question 4.
\nWho is a natural born citizen?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nA natural born citizen is the person who is either born in a country or if his parents are citizens of that country.<\/h3>\n

Question 5.
\nWhat is naturalization?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nNaturalization is the process of acquiring citizenship.<\/h3>\n

Question 6.
\nWho is an Alien?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nAlien is a person who temporarily lives in a country other than his own and does not enjoy political rights like the citizen of that country do.<\/h3>\n

Question 7.
\nWhat is expected by the citizens from their state?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nCitizens may expect certain rights from their state and help and protection wherever they may travel.<\/h3>\n

Question 8.
\nWhat happens if a person stay away from one\u2019s country for many years?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe person may lose the citizenship and the number of years for absence varies from one state to another.<\/h3>\n

Question 9.
\nDefine citizenship.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nCitizenship can be defined as a full and equal membership of a political community.<\/h3>\n

Question 10.
\nMention any one important quality of a good citizen.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nA good citizen should be ready to serve one\u2019s country during any crisis like war and take up any compulsory service demanded by state.<\/h3>\n

Question 2.
\nWhy is the full membership of a state important?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe full membership is important because no one wants to live up as a refugee or stateless when no state is willing to grant them membership. Hence, these people do not enjoy any rights granted by the state. As Pakistani refugees struggled in the middle East to obtain full membership of a state of their choice.<\/h3>\n

Question 3.
\nHow can we say that lack of education is a big obstacle to any kind of progress?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nLack of education leads to perpetuation of bad customs and superstitions, i.e. many people believe in early marriages, dowry and many have lost their young daughters to bride burning and when girls are going into space, such attitude is a great obstacle.<\/h3>\n

Question 4.
\nWhat is the role of modern state in the citizenship?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nIn the modern state, collective political identity is provided to their members as well as certain rights. Therefore, the people think of themselves as Indians, or Americans, or French or Japanese or Germans, depending on the state which they belong to.<\/h3>\n

Question 5.
\nHow did the liberation of East Pakistan affect the citizenship in the year of 1971?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nIf a territory becomes a part of another country, then all the people acquire citizenship of that country automatically, i.e. in 1961, Goa was liberated from Portugal and all the persons in Goa became the citizen of India. Hence, the citizens of East Pakistan got the citizenship of Bangladesh.<\/h3>\n

Question 6.
\nWhat rights of common nature have been granted to citizens by different states?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe rights of common nature vary from state to state but most common are political rights, i.e. the right to vote, right to contest election, to form political parties, etc. And civil rights, i.e. freedom of speech or belief as well as socio-economic rights, i.e. right to minimum wage or rights to education, equality of rights and status, etc.<\/h3>\n

Question 7.
\nWhat is the role of a citizen in a democracy?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\n1. Every citizen must participate actively in a democracy to make it successful.
\n2. Every citizen enjoys political rights and right to express oneself but every citizen is expected to perform certain duties:
\nTo maintain democracy.
\nTo have a clear conception of one\u2019s own rights.
\nDuties towards nation, fellow citizen and family, etc.<\/h3>\n

Short Answer Type Questions<\/h3>\n

Question 1.
\nHow can the citizenship be acquired?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nCitizenship can be acquired through the following ways:
\nBy the bond of marriage, a person can acquire citizenship, i.e. if a foreigner woman marries an Indian man, citizenship of India may be acquired.
\nTo purchase immovable property, if a person is allowed, one can acquire citizenship, i. e. purchase of land or house.
\nIf a foreigner has been appointed to a government office, one can acquire citizenship of that country.
\nBy acquisition of territory, the people can acquire citizenship, i.e. liberation of Goa in 1961 and Goans acquired citizenship of India.<\/h3>\n

Question 2.
\nDistinguish between a citizen and Alien.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nA citizen owes allegiance to one\u2019s country whereas an alien does not owe allegiance.
\nA citizen can be compelled to join military service at the time of war whereas an alien can be compelled to join military service under any situation.
\nA citizen enjoys fundamental and political rights but an alien does enjoy any right to participate in government process.<\/h3>\n

Question 3.
\nIn what circumstances, a citizen can lose one\u2019s citizenship?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nIn the following circumstances:
\nThe most common reason is marriage, if an Indian woman marries a foreigner, her citizenship of India is lost to acquire the citizenship of her husband\u2019s country.
\nIf a person is appointed in the service of foreign government, one can lose the original citizenship.
\nIf a person takes up the services of a foreign defense forces, the original citizenship is lost.
\nIf a person decides to settle down in another country, one may lose the original citizenship.
\nThe criminal acts of a person may also lose their original citizenship, i.e. to commit a serious crime, prove disloyalty to the country or to acquire citizenship by fraud.<\/h3>\n

Question 4.
\nMention the major hindrances in the way of good citizenship.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nIf people do not participate actively in a political activity, good citizenship may not be acquired.
\nLack of education leads to perpetuation of bad customs and superstitions due to people\u2019s ignorance and illiteracy in discharging their obligations and responsibilities.
\nPoverty may provoke the people to commit wrong in order to feed themselves and their family.
\nNarrow groupism and factionalism based on caste and religion is very dangerous for the unity of nation. It have a wrong order of loyalties, i.e. to attach greater importance to less important issues and create tensions.<\/h3>\n

Question 5.
\nWhat is the relationship between the citizenship and rights?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe people of a country require rights to participate in the running of government.
\nIn a modem state, some fundamental rights are granted for the development of both the citizens and the state, i.e. India.
\nThe state expects to perform some duties by citizens in reference of granting citizenship to them.<\/h3>\n

Question 6.
\n\u201cEducation plays a crucial role in making individuals into better citizens\u201d. Justify the statement.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nEducation supports individuals to recognize good and bad laws and customs.
\nEducation teaches citizens to protest in a constitutional manner.
\nThe example of peaceful protest can be taken from Japan where workers put on black bands on arms and work to make over production.<\/h3>\n

Question 7.
\nHow does constitution commence the citizenship?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe one who has born in the territory of India or
\nThe one, whose parents have been born in the territory of India or
\nThe one, who has been ordinarily resident in the territory of India for not less than five years.<\/h3>\n

Question 8.
\nHow the original citizenship may be lost?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nThe absence of a person to stay outside the country for a long time but the period of absence varies from one country to another country.
\nIf a person commits a serious crime, prove disloyal to the country or acquired citizenship by fraudulent practices.
\nIf a person applies for citizenship of another country to be granted. This process is called naturalization.<\/h3>\n

Question 9.
\nWhat is Global citizenship?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nGlobal citizenship connect the people of different parts of the world through the means of communication, i.e. internet, television, radio, etc.
\nGlobal citizenship acquires sympathies to help the victims of flood, war, terrorism, Tsunami, bird flu, plague, etc.
\nGlobal citizenship though does not exist, it is a sense to be linked to each other across national boundaries.
\nIt needs cooperative action of people and governments of many states.<\/h3>\n

Long Answer Type Questions<\/h3>\n

Question 1.
\nWhat are the qualities of a good citizen?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nTo cast one\u2019s vote in the interest of country.
\nThe right to vote should be exercised without any influence of narrow loyalties of caste, colour, religion, etc.
\nA good citizen must be aware of one\u2019s duties also to perform as required.
\nA good citizen must invest on welfare activities for citizens, i.e. educational institutions, hospitals, public transportation, etc.
\nA good citizen should protect and maintain the public property.
\nA good citizen should pay one\u2019s taxes honestly and regularly to contribute to the state.
\nA good citizen should know to control emotions and protest in a peaceful manner if required.
\nA good citizen should possess a high moral character.
\nA good citizen obeys the laws of state and respect the right of other citizens also.<\/h3>\n

Question 2.
\nMention the characteristics of white colonial rulers\u2019 policy practicised in South Africa till 1994?<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nSeperate colonies for whites and blacks were established.
\nThe blacks were not allowed to keep their families in white areas.
\nThe blacks had to take passes to work in white colonies.
\nEven the schools were separate for the people of different colours.
\nThe blacks of South Africa did not enjoy the rights, i.e. political, civil, economic, etc.
\nAll the adult whites enjoyed the right to vote, contest elections and elect government.
\nWhites were free to purchase property and go to any place in the country.<\/h3>\n

Question 3.
\nMention the ideas and contribution of Martin Luther King Jr. in the movement launched for civil rights in the USA.<\/h2>\n

Answer:
\nMartin Luthar King Jr. gave many arguments against the prevailing laws of segregation, i.e. inequality, wrong practices of segregation, etc.
\nThe male person has to broom the house and to throw the waste in the dustbin.
\nKing argued that the segregation is like a social leprosy on the body politic because it inflicts deep psychological wounds on the people who suffer as a result of such laws.
\nSome baseball teams has to be disbanded as the authorities did not want to accept black players and these laws created artificial boundaries between people and prevent them from cooperating with each other for the overall benefit of the country.
\nHence, these laws should be abolished earliest possible.<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Class 11 Political Science(Political Theory) NCERT book solutions for Chapter 6 – Citizenship Questions and Answers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21830,"featured_media":118878,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-118890","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-education"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118890","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21830"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118890"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118890\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":118891,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118890\/revisions\/118891"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/118878"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118890"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}