{"id":120265,"date":"2022-05-09T16:19:17","date_gmt":"2022-05-09T10:49:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/?p=120265"},"modified":"2022-05-09T16:19:17","modified_gmt":"2022-05-09T10:49:17","slug":"chapter-14-respiration-in-plants-questions-and-answers-ncert-solutions-for-class-11-biology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/education\/chapter-14-respiration-in-plants-questions-and-answers-ncert-solutions-for-class-11-biology","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 14 – Respiration in Plants Questions and Answers: NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Differentiate between
\n(a) Respiration and Combustion
\n(b) Glycolysis and Krebs\u2019 cycle
\n(c) Aerobic respiration and Fermentation<\/h2>\n

Solution:
\na)Respiration and Combustion
\nRespiration
\nCombustion
\nIt is a biochemical process
\nIt is a physicochemical process.
\nTemperature stays low
\nTemperature drastically raises
\nOccurs in living cells
\nIt is a non-cellular process
\nEnergy entrapped in the form of ATP
\nATP is not required for the combustion process
\nb) Glycolysis and Krebs\u2019 cycle
\nGlycolysis
\nKrebs Cycle
\nThe first step in respiration
\nThe second step in respiration
\nTakes place in cytoplasm
\nTakes place in mitochondria
\nOccurs both aerobically and anaerobically
\nOccurs only in aerobic
\nTwo ATPs are consumed
\nATPs are not consumed
\nThe net gain is 8 ATP\u2019s
\nThe net gain is 24 ATP\u2019s
\nIt is a linear pathway
\nIt is a circular pathway
\nc) Aerobic respiration and Fermentation
\nAerobic respiration
\nFermentation
\nIncluded in the exchange of gases
\nDoes not include exchange of gases
\nOxygen is necessary for aerobic respiration
\nOxygen should be absent for the fermentation process
\nRespiratory material is completely oxidised
\nRespiratory material is incompletely oxidised
\nThe end products are inorganic
\nAt least one product is organic<\/h3>\n

2. What are respiratory substrates? Name the most common respiratory substrate.<\/h2>\n

Solution:
\nOrganic substrates that are oxidised during respiration to liberate energy inside the living cells are respiratory substrates. Carbohydrates, proteins, fats and organic acids are the most common respiratory substrate.<\/h3>\n

3. Give the schematic representation of glycolysis?<\/h2>\n

Solution:
\nSchematic representation of glycolysis is as follows:<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

4. What are the main steps in aerobic respiration? Where does it take place?<\/h2>\n

Solution:
\nMain steps in aerobic respiration are as follows
\nGlycolysis: Occurs in the cytoplasm(cytosol) where glucose is broken down to pyruvic acid.
\nOxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid to acetyl coenzyme-A: Takes place inside the mitochondrial matrix.
\nTCA or Krebs cycle takes place in Mitochondrial matrix where pyruvic acid is oxidized to transform the energy contained in these molecules into ATP.
\nElectron transport chain occurs in mitochondrial membrane involves ATP synthase complex.<\/h3>\n

5. Give the schematic representation of an overall view of Krebs\u2019 cycle.<\/h2>\n

Solution:
\nThe schematic representation of an overall view of Krebs\u2019 cycle is as follows:<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

6. Explain ETS.<\/h2>\n

Solution:<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Electron transport system(ETS) is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane and aids in liberating and using the energy stored in the NADH+H+and FADH2
\nNADH+ H+ , formed while citric acid cycle and glycolysis occurs is oxidized by NADH dehydrogenase or complex I
\nElectrons hence produced are conveyed to ubiquinone via FMN
\nSimilarly, the complex II or FADH2synthesized during the citric acid cycle is conveyed to ubiquinone
\nFrom ubiquinone electrons are accepted by the complex III or cytochrome bc1which furthermore gets conveyed to cytochrome c which serves as a mobile carrier between the cytochrome c oxidase complex and complex III comprising of cytochrome a and a3with copper centers (complex IV) additionally
\nWhen electrons are transferred from each complex, simultaneously other processes occur such as production of the ATP from ADP and the inorganic phosphate through the action of ATP synthase(complex V)
\nThis amount of ATP production is dependent on the molecule that has been oxidized. 3 ATP molecules are generated by the oxidation of 1 molecule of NADH while 1 FADH2molecule upon oxidation produces 2 ATP molecules<\/h3>\n

7. Distinguish between the following:
\n(a) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration
\n(b) Glycolysis and Fermentation
\n(c) Glycolysis and Citric acid Cycle<\/h2>\n

Solution:
\na) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration
\nAerobic respiration
\nAnaerobic respiration
\nOccurs in the presence of the Oxygen
\nOccurs in the absence of Oxygen
\nInvolves complete breakdown of respiratory materials.
\nInvolves partial breakdown of the gases.
\nCarbon-di-oxide and water are the end products
\nCarbon-dioxide and ethanol are the end products.
\nInvolves the exchange of gases
\nDoes not include the exchange of gases
\nb) Glycolysis and Fermentation
\nGlycolysis
\nFermentation
\nIt is the first step in aerobic respiration, and it is common to both aerobic and anaerobic modes of respiration
\nIt is anaerobic respiration which does not require Oxygen.
\nIt produces pyruvic acid
\nIt produces lactic acid and ethanol
\nIt produces two molecules of NADH for every glucose molecule.
\nUses NADH generated during glycolysis
\nIt forms two ATP for every glucose molecule
\nIt does not produce ATP.
\nc) Glycolysis and Citric acid Cycle
\nGlycolysis
\nCitric acid cycle
\nOccurs inside cytoplasm
\nOccurs inside mitochondria
\nIt is a linear pathway
\nIt is a cyclic pathway
\nIn Glycolysis glucose is breakdown to pyruvate
\nAcetyl group is broken down completely.
\nThe net gain is 8 ATP
\nNet gain is 24 molecules of ATP<\/h3>\n

8. What are the assumptions made during the calculation of net gain of ATP?<\/h2>\n

Solution:
\nAssumptions made during the calculation of net gain of ATP are as follows
\nNADH generated inside the mitochondria synthesizes 3 ATP molecules during its oxidation.
\nNADH formed during glycolysis sends its reducing power into mitochondria via the shuttle system.
\nDuring oxidation of FADH2, 2 molecules of ATP is produced inside mitochondria
\nFormation of 3 ATP in the malate-aspartate shuttle (heart, liver and kidney) and 2 ATP in the glycerol phosphate shuttle (muscles and nerve cells).<\/h3>\n

9. Discuss \u201cThe respiratory pathway is an amphibolic pathway.\u201d<\/h2>\n

Solution:
\nOrganic substances such as fats, carbohydrates, proteins etc liberate energy when they are disintegrated in the respiratory pathway. This phenomena is said to be catabolic in nature. The respiratory process that serves as a catabolic pathway for the respiratory substrates also serves as an anabolic pathway to produce different metabolic products and secondary metabolites. Thus, the respiratory pathway serves as a catabolic and anabolic pathway. Therefore, the respiratory pathway is an amphibolic pathway.<\/h3>\n

10. Define RQ. What is its value for fats?<\/h2>\n

Solution:
\nThe ratio of volume of CO2 evolved to the volume of Oxygen consumed in respiration is called respiratory quotient (RQ) or respiratory ratio.<\/h3>\n

RQ is less than 1 when the respiratory substrate is either fat or protein<\/h3>\n

11. What is oxidative phosphorylation?<\/h2>\n

Solution:
\nOxidative phosphorylation is the conversion of ADP into ATP by electron transport system. Phosphorylation takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane via the ATP synthetase complex when the hydrogen protons pass through it. The energy essential for phosphorylation is derived from the oxidation-reduction phenomena in respiration. Thus the process is known as oxidative phosphorylation.<\/h3>\n

12. What is the significance of step-wise release of energy in respiration?<\/h2>\n

Solution:
\nDuring respiration single molecule of glucose is disintegrated to generate carbon dioxide and water along with the formation of ATP molecules. If the energy gets released at one go, then most of energy will be lost as heat. In order to synthesize new compounds, the cell should be able to utilize the energy. Hence step-wise release of energy in respiration is most efficient in the conservation of energy.<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Class 11 Biology NCERT book solutions for Chapter 14 – Respiration in Plants Questions and Answers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21830,"featured_media":120091,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-120265","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-education"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120265","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21830"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=120265"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120265\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":120270,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120265\/revisions\/120270"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/120091"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=120265"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=120265"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=120265"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}