{"id":121268,"date":"2022-05-17T12:20:42","date_gmt":"2022-05-17T06:50:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/?p=121268"},"modified":"2022-05-17T12:20:42","modified_gmt":"2022-05-17T06:50:42","slug":"physics-ncert-sample-question-paper-semester-ii-2021-2022-class-xii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/education\/physics-ncert-sample-question-paper-semester-ii-2021-2022-class-xii","title":{"rendered":"Physics NCERT SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER-SEMESTER-II 2021-2022 Class XII"},"content":{"rendered":"

Q1. In a pure semiconductor crystal of Si, if antimony is added then what type of extrinsic semiconductor
\nis obtained. Draw the energy band diagram of this extrinsic semiconductor so formed.<\/h2>\n

ANS 1
\nAs given in the statement antimony is added to pure Si crystal,
\nthen a n -type extrinsic semiconductor would be so obtained,
\nSince antimony(Sb) is a pentavalent impurity. Energy level diagram of n-type semiconductor<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Q2. Consider two different hydrogen atoms. The electron in each atom is in an excited state. Is it possible for the electrons to have different energies but same orbital angular momentum according to the Bohr model? Justify your answer.<\/h2>\n

OR<\/p>\n

Explain how does (i) photoelectric current and (ii) kinetic energy of the photoelectrons emitted in a photocell vary if the frequency of incident radiation is doubled, but keeping the intensity same? Show the graphical variation in the above two cases.<\/h2>\n

ANS 2 No
\nBecause according to Bohr’s model,
\nEn = \u2212 \u0b35\u0b37.\u0b3a \u0b6c\u0c2e
\nand electrons having different energies belong to different levels having different values of n. #So, their angular momenta will be different, as
\nL = mvr = \u0b6c\u0b66 \u0b36\u0ba0<\/h3>\n

OR<\/p>\n

(i) The increase in the frequency of incident radiation has no effect on
\nphotoelectric current. This is because of incident photon of 1\/2 increased energy cannot eject more than one electron from the
\nmetal surface.<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(ii) The kinetic energy of the photoelectron becomes more than the
\ndouble of its original energy. As the work function of the metal is fixed, so incident photon of higher frequency and hence higher energy will impart more energy to the photoelectrons.<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Q3. Name the device which converts the change in intensity of illumination to change in electric current
\nflowing through it. Plot I-V characteristics of this device for different intensities. State any two applications of this device.<\/h2>\n

ANS 3 Photodiodes are used to detect optical signals of different
\nintensities by changing current flowing through them.<\/h3>\n

\"\"
\nApplications of photodiodes:
\n1. In detection of optical signals.
\n2. In demodulation of optical signals.
\n3. In light operated switches.
\n4. In speed reading of computer punched cards.
\n5. In electronic counters<\/h3>\n

Q4. Derive an expression for the frequency of radiation emitted when a hydrogen atom de-excites from level n to level (n \u2013 1). Also show that for large values of n, this frequency equals to classical frequency of revolution of an electron.<\/h2>\n

ANS 4 From Bohr\u2019s theory, the frequency f of the radiation emitted when an electron de \u2013 excites from level n\u0b36 to level n\u0b35is given as<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Q5. Explain with a proper diagram how an ac signal can be converted into dc ( pulsating)signal with output frequency as double than the input frequency using pn junction diode. Give its input and output waveforms.<\/h2>\n

ANS 5 A junction diode allows current to pass only when it is forward
\nbiased. So, if an alternating voltage is applied across a diode the
\ncurrent flows only in that part of the cycle when the diode is forward biased. This property is used to rectify alternating voltages and the circuit used for this purpose is called a rectifier.<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Q6. How long can an electric lamp of 100 W be kept glowing by fusion of 2 kg of deuterium? Take the fusion reaction as<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

ANS 6 Number of atoms present in 2 g of deuterium = 6 \u00d7 10\u0b36\u0b37
\nNumber of atoms present in 2.0 Kg of deuterium = 6 \u00d7 10\u0b36\u0b3a
\nEnergy released in fusion of 2 deuterium atoms
\n= 3.27 MeV Energy released in fusion of 2.0 Kg of deuterium atoms<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Q7. Define wavefront. Draw the shape of refracted wavefront when the plane incident wave undergoes
\nrefraction from optically denser medium to rarer medium. Hence prove Snell\u2019s law of refraction.<\/h2>\n

ANS 7 A locus of points, which oscillate in phase is called a wavefront.<\/h3>\n

OR<\/p>\n

A wavefront is defined as a surface of constant phase.<\/h3>\n

\"\"
\nDiagram
\nProof n\u0b35 sin i = n\u0b36 sin r (Derivation)
\nThis is the Snell\u2019s law of refraction.<\/h3>\n

Q8. (a) Draw a ray diagram of compound microscope for the final image formed at least distance of distinct vision?
\n(b) An angular magnification of 30X is desired using an objective of focal length 1.25 cm and an eye piece of focal length 5 cm. How will you set up the compound microscope for the final image formed at least distance of distinct vision?<\/h2>\n

OR<\/p>\n

(a) Draw a ray diagram of Astronomical Telescope for the final image formed at infinity.
\n(b) A small telescope has an objective lens of focal length 140 cm and an eyepiece of focal length 5.0 cm. Find the magnifying power of the telescope for viewing distant objects when
\n(i) the telescope is in normal adjustment,
\n(ii) the final image is formed at the least distance of distinct vision.<\/h2>\n

ANS 8
\n(a)<\/h3>\n

Diagram of Compound Microscope for the final image formed at D:<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(b) m\u0b6d = 30, f\u0b6d = 1.25 cm, f\u0b63 = 5 cm
\nwhen image is formed at least distance of distinct vision, D = 25cm
\nAngular magnification of eyepiece<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nAs the objective lens forms the real image,<\/h3>\n

\"\"
\nusing lens equation, u\u0b6d = \u22121.5 cm, v\u0b6d = \u22125 \u00d7 (\u22121.5)cm = +7.5 cm
\nGiven v\u0b63 = \u2212D = \u221225 cm, f\u0b63 = +5 cm, u\u0b63 = ? using again lens equation u\u0b63 =
\n\u0b36\u0b39
\n\u0b3a
\nThus, object is to be placed at 1.5 cm from the objective and separation between the two lenses should be
\nL = v\u0b6d + Iu\u0b63
\nl = 11.67 cm<\/h3>\n

OR<\/p>\n

ANS 8
\n(a) Ray diagram of astronomical telescope when image is formed at
\ninfinity.<\/h3>\n

\"\"
\n(b) (i) In normal adjustment : Magnifying power.
\nm = f\u0b6d\/f\u0b63 = (140\/5) = 28
\n(ii) When the final image is formed at the least distance of distinct vision (25 cm) :<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Q9. Light of wavelength 2000 \u00c5 falls on a metal surface of work function 4.2 eV.
\n(a) What is the kinetic energy (in eV) of the fastest electrons emitted from the surface?
\n(b) What will be the change in the energy of the emitted electrons if the intensity of light with same wavelength is doubled?
\n(c) If the same light falls on another surface of work function 6.5 eV, what will be the energy of emitted electrons?<\/h2>\n

ANS 9
\n\u03bb = 2000 \u00c5 = (2000 \u00d7 10\u0b3f\u0b35\u0b34)m
\nW\u0b6d = 4.2eV
\nh = 6.63 \u00d7 10\u0b3f\u0b37\u0b38JS
\n(a) Using Einstein’s photoelectric equation
\nK. E. = (6.2 \u2013 4.2) eV = 2.0 eV
\n(b) The energy of the emitted electrons does not depend upon
\nintensity of incident light; hence the energy remains unchanged.
\n(c) For this surface, electrons will not be emitted as the energy of
\nincident light (6.2 eV) is less than the work function (6.5 eV) of the
\nsurface.<\/h3>\n

Q10. The focal length of a convex lens made of glass of refractive index (1.5) is 20 cm. What will be its new focal length when placed in a medium of refractive index 1.25 ?
\nIs focal length positive or negative? What does it signify?<\/h2>\n

ANS 10 Given a\u0b9c\u0c5d = 1.5
\nFocal length of the given convex lens when it is placed in air is
\nf = + 20 cm Refractive index of the given medium with respect to air is
\na\u0b9c\u0c63 = 1.25 New focal length of the given convex lens when placed in a
\nmedium is f
\n\u11f1<\/h3>\n

\"\"
\nNew focal length is positive. The significance of the positive sign of the focal length is that given convex lens is still converging in the given medium.<\/h3>\n

Q11. (a) Name the e.m. waves which are suitable for radar systems used in aircraft navigation. Write the range of frequency of these waves.
\n(b) If the Earth did not have atmosphere, would its average surface temperature be higher or lower than what it is now? Explain.
\n(c) An e.m. wave exerts pressure on the surface on which it is incident. Justify.<\/h2>\n

OR<\/p>\n

(a) “If the slits in Young’s double slit experiment are identical, then intensity at any point on the screen may vary between zero and four times to the intensity due to single slit”. Justify the above statement through a relevant mathematical expression.
\n(b) Draw the intensity distribution as function of phase angle when diffraction of light takes place through coherently illuminated single slit.<\/h2>\n

ANS 11.
\n(a) Microwaves are suitable for the radar system used in aircraft
\nnavigation. Range of frequency of microwaves is 108 Hz to 1011 Hz.
\n(b) If the Earth did not have atmosphere, then there would be absence
\nof greenhouse effect of the atmosphere. Due to this reason, the temperature of the earth would be lower than what it is now.
\n(c) An e.m. wave carries momentum with itself and given by
\nP = Energy of wave(U)\/ Speed of the wave(c)
\n= U\/c when it is incident upon a surface it exerts pressure on it.<\/h3>\n

OR<\/p>\n

ANS. 11
\n(a)
\nThe total intensity at a point where the phase difference is \u2205, is
\ngiven by \ud835\udc3c = \ud835\udc3c\u0b35 + \ud835\udc3c\u0b36 + 2\u0da5\ud835\udc3c\u0b35\ud835\udc3c\u0b36 \ud835\udc36\ud835\udc42\ud835\udc46 \u2205. Here \ud835\udc3c\u0b35 and \ud835\udc3c\u0b36 are the intensities of two individual sources which are equal.
\nWhen \u2205 is 0, I = 4\ud835\udc3c\u0b35.
\nWhen \u2205 is 90o
\n, I = 0
\nThus intensity on the screen varies between 4\ud835\udc3c\u0b35 and 0.<\/h3>\n

ANS. 11
\n(b)
\nIntensity distribution as function of phase angle, when diffraction of
\nlight takes place through coherently illuminated single slit<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Q12. CASE STUDY: MIRAGE IN DESERTS<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

ANS 12.
\n(a) Ans (i) Refraction, Total internal reflection
\n(b)<\/h3>\n

\"\"
\n(c) Ans (iv) n1 > n2
\nThe refractive index of the core should be greater than the refractive index of the cladding.<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Q1. In a pure semiconductor crystal of Si, if antimony is added then what type of extrinsic semiconductor is obtained. Draw the energy band diagram of this extrinsic semiconductor so formed. ANS 1 As given in the statement antimony is added to pure Si crystal, then a n -type extrinsic semiconductor would be so obtained, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21830,"featured_media":121296,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-121268","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-education"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121268","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21830"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=121268"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121268\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":121325,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121268\/revisions\/121325"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/121296"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=121268"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=121268"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=121268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}