{"id":121525,"date":"2022-05-18T11:47:29","date_gmt":"2022-05-18T06:17:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/?p=121525"},"modified":"2022-05-18T11:47:29","modified_gmt":"2022-05-18T06:17:29","slug":"economics-ncert-sample-question-paper-semester-ii-code030-2021-2022-class-xii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/education\/economics-ncert-sample-question-paper-semester-ii-code030-2021-2022-class-xii","title":{"rendered":"ECONOMICS NCERT SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER-SEMESTER-II Code(030) 2021-2022 Class XII"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Distinguish between Final Goods and Intermediate Goods.<\/h2>\n

Or<\/p>\n

Distinguish between positive externalities and negative externalities.<\/h2>\n

Answer.
\nFinal goods refer to those goods which are used either for final consumption or for investment purposes. Whereas Intermediate goods refer to those goods which are used either for resale or for further production purposes.<\/h3>\n

Or<\/p>\n

Positive externalities refer to benefits caused by one entity to another, without being paid for it. Whereas Negative externalities refer to the harms caused by one entity to another without being penalized for it.<\/h3>\n

2. Calculate equilibrium level of income for a hypothetical economy, for which it is given that:
\na) Autonomous s Investments = \u20b9 500 crores, and
\nb) Consumption function, C = 100 + 0.80Y<\/h2>\n

Or<\/p>\n

Calculate Change in Income (\u0394Y) for a hypothetical economy.Given that:
\na) Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) = 0.8, and
\nb) Change in Investment (\u0394I) = \u20b91,000 crores<\/h2>\n

Answer.
\nGiven Consumption function is,
\nC=100+0.8 Y Autonomous investments=500 crores We know, at equilibrium level
\nY=C+I
\nY=100+0.8 Y+500
\nY-0.8Y=600
\n0.2 Y =600
\nY= \u20b9 3,000 crores<\/h3>\n

Or<\/p>\n

Given \u0394 I = \u20b91,000 crores
\nMPC = 0.8
\nAs we know,
\n\"\"<\/h3>\n

3 \u2018As the income increases, people tend to save more\u2019. Justify the given statement.<\/h2>\n

Answer.
\nAt a lower level of income, a consumer spends a larger proportion of his\/her income on consumption expenditure (basic survival requirements). As the income increases, owing to the psychological behavior of a consumer (rational), people tend to consume less and
\nsave more for future uncertainty.<\/h3>\n

4 State and discuss any two indicators that help in measuring the health status of a country.<\/h2>\n

Or<\/p>\n

Compare and analyze the \u2018Women Worker Population Ratio\u2019\u2019 in Rural and Urban areas based on following information:<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Answer.
\nTwo indicators that help to measure the health status of a country are:
\na) Infant Mortality Rate – Infant Mortality Rate (or IMR) indicates the number of children that survive first year of their life.
\nb) Literacy Rate \u2013 Literacy rate measures the proportion of literate population in the age
\n1
\n1
\ngroup of seven years or above.<\/h3>\n

Or<\/p>\n

The data in the given table reveals that:
\na) Women constitute 16.5% of the total worker population in the economy.
\nb) The number of women workers in rural areas (17.5%) are relatively higher than the
\nwomen workers in urban areas (14.2%). Due to the abject poverty in rural areas, rural women are compelled to work more than their urban counterparts.<\/h3>\n

5. \u2018Investment in infrastructure contributes to the economic development of a country.\u2019 Justify the given statement with a valid argument.<\/h2>\n

Answer.
\nThe given statement is true; infrastructural development in an economy increases productivity, induces higher investment, facilitates employment, and generates more income. With the rise in income the quality of life of the people improves. Thus, conclusively we may say that infrastructure contributes to the economic development of a country.<\/h3>\n

6 Giving valid reasons explain which of the following will not be included in estimation of National Income of India?
\na) Purchase of shares of X. Ltd. by an investor in the National Stock Exchange.
\nb) Salaries paid by the French housekeeping department.
\nc) Compensation paid by the Government of India to the victims of floods.<\/h2>\n

Or<\/p>\n

Estimate the value of Nominal Gross Domestic Product for a hypothetical economy, the value of Real Gross Domestic Product and Price Index are given as respectively.<\/h2>\n

Answer.
\nFollowing will not be included in estimation of National Income of India:
\na. As such transactions are mere paper claims and do not lead to any value addition.
\nc. Compensation paid by the Government of India is mere transfer payment and does not lead to any flow of goods and services in an economy.<\/h3>\n

Or<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

7 Study the following information and compare the Economies of India and Singapore on the grounds of \u2018Investment in infrastructure as a percentage of GDP\u2019<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Answer.
\n\u2018Investment in infrastructure as a percentage of GDP\u2019 is that proportion of Gross Domestic Product which is invested for the development of infrastructural facilities in a country. According to the given data it is evident that India is contributing 30% of its total GDP on infrastructural progress, which is just a notch above the corresponding figure of 28%
\nfor Singapore. Considering the vast geography of India this is a relatively lower proportion in this direction. If India wants to grow at a faster rate, she must concentrate on higher judicious investment on development of infrastructure.<\/h3>\n

8 Outline and discuss any two economic advantages of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) accruing to the economy of Pakistan.<\/h2>\n

Answer.
\nEconomic advantages of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) to the economy of Pakistan are:
\ni. China provided financial and technical expertise to help Pakistan build its road infrastructure, supporting employment and income in the economy
\nii. CPCE has led to a massive increase in power generation capacity of Pakistan. It has brought an end to supply-side constraints in the nation, which had made blackouts a regular phenomenon across the country.<\/h3>\n

9 Analyse the implication of bilateral \u2018debt-trap\u2019 situation of Pakistan vis-\u00e0-vis the Chinese Economy.<\/h2>\n

Answer.
\nChina has become famous for its \u2018Debt Trap Diplomacy\u2019 in recent times. Under this 3 China provides financial and technical expertise\/assistance to help various nations to bring them under its direct or indirect influence. The first and the foremost implication of the diplomacy is that Beijing has now become Islamabad\u2019s largest creditor. According to documents released by Pakistan\u2019s finance ministry, its total public external debt stood at $44.35 billion in June 2013, just 9.3
\npercent of which was owed to China. By April 2021, this external debt had ballooned to $90.12 billion, with Pakistan owing 27.4 percent \u2014$24.7 billion \u2014 of its total external debt to China, according to the IMF.<\/h3>\n

10 Explain how \u2018Non-Monetary Exchanges\u2019 impact the use of Gross Domestic Product as an index of economic welfare.<\/h2>\n

Answer.
\nNon-monetary exchange transactions are not included in the estimation of Gross Domestic Product on account of practical difficulties like non-availability of reliable data. Although these activities enhance public welfare which may lead to underestimation of GDP. For example: kitchen gardening, services of homemaker etc.<\/h3>\n

11 \u2018Monetary measures offer a valid solution to the problem of Inflationary gap in an economy\u2019. State and discuss any two monetary measures to justify the given statement.<\/h2>\n

Answer.
\nTwo measures which may be used to solve the problem of inflation are:
\na) An increase in Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) may reduce the credit creation capacity of the commercial banks in the economy. This may lead to a fall in the borrowings from banks causing a fall in Aggregate Demand in the economy, and helps to correct the inflationary gap in the economy.
\nb) Sale of Government Securities in the open market by the Central Bank will adversely affect the ability of the Commercial Banks to create credit in the economy. As a result Aggregate Demand in the economy may fall and correct the inflationary gap in the economy.<\/h3>\n

12 a) From the following data calculate the value of Domestic Income:<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

b) Distinguish between \u2018Value of Output\u2019 and \u2018Value Added\u2019.<\/h2>\n

Or<\/p>\n

a) Given the following data, find Net Value Added at Factor Cost by Sambhav (a farmer) producing Wheat:<\/h2>\n

\"\"
\nb) State any two components of \u2018Net Factor Income from Abroad\u2019.<\/h2>\n

Answer.
\na) Domestic Income (NDP@fc) =(i)+(ii)+(iv)+(vii)+(viii)+(x)
\n=\u20b92000+\u20b9800+\u20b9460+\u20b9940+\u20b9300+\u20b9200
\n=\u20b94,700 crore
\nb) Value of output is the estimated money value of all the goods and services, inclusive of change in stock and production for self-consumption. Whereas, Value added is the excess of value of output over the value of intermediate consumption.<\/h3>\n

Or<\/p>\n

a) Net Value Added at Factor Cost (NVA @ FC) =(i)+(iii)+(iv)+(vi)-(v)
\n=\u20b96800+\u20b9200+\u20b950+\u20b920-\u20b9100
\n=\u20b96,970crore
\nb) Component of net factor income from abroad are:
\ni. Net compensation of employees
\nii. Net income from property and entrepreneurship
\niii. Net retained earnings of resident companies abroad<\/h3>\n

13 a) \u2018Pesticides are chemical compounds designed to kill pests. Many pesticides can also pose health risks to people even if exposed to nominal quantities. \u2018In the light of the above statement, suggest any two traditional methods for replacement of the chemical pesticides.
\nb) \u2018In recent times the Indian Economy has experienced the problem of Casualisation of the workforce. This problem has only been aggravated by the outbreak of COVID-19.\u2019 Do you agree with the given statement? Discuss any two disadvantages of casualisation of the
\nworkforce in the light of the above statement.<\/h2>\n

Answer.
\na) The traditional practices can help in controlling contamination without the use of chemical 2 fertilizers, as follows:
\ni. i. Neem trees and its by products are a natural pest-controller, which has been used since ages in India. Recently, the government promoted the sale Neem coated urea as a measure of natural pest control.
\nii. Large variety of birds should be allowed to dwell around the agricultural areas, they can clear large varieties of pests including insects<\/h3>\n

b) The given statement is quite appropriate with reference to the \u2018casualisation of labour\u2019 in India.
\ni) For casual workers, the rights of the labour are not properly protected by labour laws. Particularly, during pandemic times, as demand for goods and services fell the casual workers were left jobless, without any compensation or support.
\ni. ii) During the COVID-19 lockdown millions of casual workers lost their jobs, raising the question of their survival. Also, additional health expenditure added to their troubles. Had such workers been working under the formal sector, it would have given them some respite in their difficult times.<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Distinguish between Final Goods and Intermediate Goods. Or Distinguish between positive externalities and negative externalities. Answer. Final goods refer to those goods which are used either for final consumption or for investment purposes. Whereas Intermediate goods refer to those goods which are used either for resale or for further production purposes. Or Positive externalities […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21830,"featured_media":121526,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-121525","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-education"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121525","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21830"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=121525"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121525\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":121533,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121525\/revisions\/121533"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/121526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=121525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=121525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mapsofindia.com\/my-india\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=121525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}