Analyze two reasons for the imposition of national emergency in India on June 25, 1975.

Question 9:Analyze two reasons for the imposition of national emergency in India on June 25, 1975.

The correct answer is – The imposition of national emergency in India on June 25, 1975, was a critical moment in the country’s political history. Here are two reasons that led to the imposition of national emergency:

1. Political unrest and instability: One of the main reasons for the imposition of national emergency in 1975 was the political unrest and instability that prevailed in the country at the time. The ruling Congress government, led by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, was facing strong opposition from various political groups and individuals. The opposition parties had launched protests and agitations against the government, demanding early elections and accusing it of corruption and mismanagement. There were also incidents of violence and unrest in several parts of the country, leading to a breakdown of law and order.

In this situation, the government argued that it needed to take strong measures to restore law and order and stabilize the political situation. The national emergency was imposed, giving the government sweeping powers to detain political leaders, censor the media, and suspend civil liberties.

2. Legal challenges to the government’s authority: Another reason for the imposition of national emergency was the legal challenges faced by the government over its authority to rule. In June 1975, the Allahabad High Court had found Indira Gandhi guilty of electoral malpractice in her constituency and had barred her from holding elected office for six years. This decision was a severe blow to the ruling Congress government, and there were fears that it could lead to the collapse of the government and create a power vacuum.

In response, the government decided to impose national emergency, suspending the right to constitutional remedies and effectively nullifying the court’s decision. This move was seen as a desperate attempt by the government to cling to power and avoid the legal consequences of the court’s ruling.

Overall, the imposition of national emergency in 1975 was a controversial and divisive moment in India’s political history, with many criticizing the government for its authoritarian measures and the erosion of civil liberties. However, supporters of the government argued that it was necessary to maintain stability and prevent the country from descending into chaos.