The chemical element lithium has the formula Li and the atomic number 3. It is a fragile, lustrous metal that is combustible and highly reactive. The lightest element and the least dense solid substance is lithium. Because of its low melting and boiling points, it is ideal for high-temperature applications.
Lithium is widely used in batteries for consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy storage systems. It is also used in specific mental health medications, such as lithium carbonate, which can be used to treat bipolar disorder. Lithium is found in mineral deposits, such as spodumene, petalite, and brine deposits, typically in countries such as Australia, Chile, and Argentina.
Recent Development in India
The recent discovery of a 5.9 million tonnes lithium resource in the state of Jammu and Kashmir’s Reasi District is a significant step towards decreasing India’s reliance on imported EV batteries, computers, and mobile phones. The deposits can assist in meeting India’s expanding EV industry’s lithium needs.
India’s Lithium Reserve
The finding of lithium in Jammu and Kashmir is likely not the element’s first appearance in the country. The light-reactive element was discovered in Karnataka about two years ago. In Mandya, Karnataka, approximately 1,600 tons of lithium deposits were found. However, there has been no industrial availability of the material from that location until today. In addition, the government is conducting lithium exploration projects in Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Arunachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, and Rajasthan.
Applications of Lithium
Lithium is a versatile element with various applications in various industries. Some of the most significant uses of lithium include:
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Batteries
Lithium is the key component in the production of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, which are widely used in consumer electronics such as laptops, smartphones, and electric vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries are favored for their high energy density, low self-discharge rate, and long cycle life.
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Glass and Ceramics
Lithium is used to produce specialty glass and ceramics because it reduces the melting temperature of other materials. This makes it easier to produce high-quality glass products with improved transparency and lower thermal expansion.
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Aerospace
Lithium is used in the aerospace industry to reduce the weight of satellites and spacecraft. Lithium’s low weight and high reactivity make it an ideal material for rocket engines.
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Pharmaceuticals
Lithium carbonate is commonly used to stabilize mood in individuals with bipolar disorder and other psychiatric conditions. Lithium is believed to work by affecting the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain.
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Metals production
Lithium is a flux in producing aluminum, magnesium, and other metals. Lithium helps to remove impurities from the metals during the production process.
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Grease and lubricants
Lithium is used to produce grease and lubricants due to its ability to provide high-temperature stability and resistance to water. It has several unique properties that make it useful in various applications. Its low weight, high reactivity, and ability to reduce the melting temperature of other materials make it an essential component in many industries. The increasing demand for lithium in batteries and other applications drives the need for new and more efficient lithium production and extraction methods.
