Aniline readily reacts with bromine water to give 2, 4, 6- tribromoaniline.

Aniline readily reacts with bromine water to give 2, 4, 6- tribromoaniline.

Ans.

Aniline readily reacts with bromine water (��2+�2�Br2​+H2​O) to give 2,4,6-tribromoaniline due to the presence of an activated benzene ring and the ortho-para directing nature of the amino group (��2NH2​) attached to the benzene ring.

Here’s why aniline reacts readily with bromine water to give 2,4,6-tribromoaniline:

1. Activation of the benzene ring: The amino group (��2NH2​) attached to the benzene ring activates the benzene ring towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. This activation occurs due to the presence of the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom, which can donate electron density to the benzene ring through resonance, making it more nucleophilic.

2. Ortho-para directing nature: The amino group (��2NH2​) is ortho-para directing, meaning that it directs incoming electrophiles to the ortho and para positions of the benzene ring during electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. In the case of bromination with bromine water, the bromine electrophile (��+Br+) is directed to the ortho and para positions of the benzene ring.

3. Formation of 2,4,6-tribromoaniline: Due to the ortho-para directing nature of the amino group, bromine is introduced at the ortho and para positions of the benzene ring, leading to the formation of 2,4,6-tribromoaniline as the major product.

Overall, the presence of the amino group in aniline activates the benzene ring towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions and directs bromine to the ortho and para positions, resulting in the formation of 2,4,6-tribromoaniline.