How is the per capita consumption of electricity considered as an index of development? Explain with examples.
Ans. Per capita consumption of electricity is often considered as an index of development due to its correlation with economic prosperity, industrialization, and quality of life. Higher per capita electricity consumption indicates greater access to energy resources, which in turn facilitates various aspects of development.
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Economic Development: Countries with higher levels of economic development typically have higher per capita electricity consumption. This is because electricity is essential for industrial production, manufacturing, and services sectors. For example, developed countries like the United States, Germany, and Japan have significantly higher per capita electricity consumption compared to developing nations.
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Quality of Life: Access to electricity improves living standards by providing lighting, heating, cooling, and powering appliances and electronic devices. Countries with higher per capita electricity consumption often offer better living conditions and amenities to their citizens. For instance, access to electricity enables the use of modern healthcare facilities, education services, and communication technologies, contributing to overall human development.
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Industrialization and Infrastructure: Per capita electricity consumption reflects the level of industrialization and infrastructure development within a country. Industrial sectors such as manufacturing, mining, and construction heavily rely on electricity to operate machinery and equipment. Countries with robust infrastructure and industrial base typically exhibit higher levels of per capita electricity consumption. For example, emerging economies like China and India have experienced rapid industrialization and urbanization, leading to increased demand for electricity and higher per capita consumption rates.
