Indian Languages Map

Language is an important part of communication between humans. It helps individuals to communicate easily and share their thoughts, feelings and ideas through spoken words. Every community, be it a small group living together, a country or people living in the same geographical area has its language.

India, a geographically and culturally diverse country witnesses varied languages that are spoken in different parts of the nation. As mentioned in the eighth schedule of the constitution of India, there are 22 constitutional languages, namely; Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Bodo, Santhali, Maithili, and Dogri.

Some of these languages have different variants based on the demographics of an area. Moreover, there are a wide variety of local and tribal languages that are spread across the nation but are not mentioned in the constitution.

Unlike other nations, India does not give the status of ‘national language’ to any language. Instead, Article 343 (1) of the Indian constitution made the “Hindi” language in the Devanagari script the official language of the country that should be used for all official purposes. Along with that, the “English” language was given the status of associate official language.

Both Hindi and English are spoken widely in the whole of India. Besides all the 28 states and eight union territories of India also have other languages that are spoken within their boundaries.

Here is a list of languages spoken in different states and union territories of India:

Name of State/Union Territory	Major Language Spoken	Other Languages Spoken
Jammu and Kashmir	Kashmiri	Dogri and Hindi
Ladakh	Ladakhi	Tibetan, Urdu and Balti
Himachal Pradesh	Hindi	Punjabi and Nepali
Punjab	Punjabi	Hindi
Uttrakhand	Hindi	Urdu, Punjabi and Nepali
Haryana	Hindi	Punjabi and Urdu
Delhi	Hindi	Punjabi, Urdu and Bengali
Uttar Pradesh	Hindi	Urdu
Rajasthan	Hindi	Punjabi and Urdu
Madhya Pradesh	Hindi	Marathi and Urdu
Chhattisgarh	Hindi	Bengali and Oriya
Bihar	Hindi	Maithili and Urdu
Jharkhand	Hindi	Santali, Bengali and Urdu
West Bengal	Bengali	Hindi, Santali, Urdu, Nepali
Sikkim	Nepali	Hindi, Bengali
Assam	Assamese	Bengali, Hindi, Bodo and Nepali
Arunachal Pradesh	Bengali	Nepali, Hindi and Assamese
Nagaland	Bengali	Hindi and Nepali
Mizoram	Bengali	Hindi and Nepali
Tripura	Bengali	Hindi
Meghalaya	Bengali	Hindi and Nepali
Manipur	Manipuri	Nepali, Hindi and Bengali
Orissa	Oriya	Hindi, Telegu and Santali
Maharashtra	Marathi	Hindi, Urdu and Gujarati
Gujarat	Gujarati	Hindi, Sindhi, Marathi and Urdu
Dadra Nagar Haveli and Daman Diu	Gujarati	Hindi and Konkani
Goa	Konkani	Marathi, Hindi and Kannada
Karnataka	Kannada	Urdu, Telugu, Marathi and Tamil
Andhra Pradesh	Telugu	Urdu, Hindi and Tamil
Kerala	Malayalam	None
Lakshadweep Islands	Malayalam	None
Tamil Nadu	Tamil	Telugu, Kannada and Urdu
Puducherry	Tamil	Telugu, Kannada and Urdu
Andaman and Nicobar Islands	Bengali	Hindi, Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam

Last Updated on : January 09, 2025